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Diabetes
affects the body's ability to use blood sugar for energy. The
main types include type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and
gestational diabetes. Diabetes insipidus, a rare disorder, is
not related to diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes). Diabetes
symptoms may include increased thirst and urination, blurred
vision, and fatigue.
1
Diabetes is a disease in which your blood glucose, or sugar,
levels are too high. Glucose comes from the foods you eat.
Insulin is a hormone that helps the glucose get into your cells
to give them energy. With Type 1 diabetes, your body does not
make insulin. With Type 2 diabetes, the more common type, your
body does not make or use insulin well. Without enough insulin,
the glucose stays in your blood.
2
Where the health of diabetic smokers is concerned, the
statistics are even worse. There is an increased risk of
premature death and the development of heart disease in patients
who have diabetes and continue to smoke. There is also evidence
that links cigarette smoking with microvascular disease (kidney
and eye damage) in diabetes. Additionally, there is data that
shows that smoking may actually play a role in the development
of type 2 diabetes.
3
Symptoms of Type 2 diabetes may include fatigue, thirst,
weight loss, blurred vision and frequent urination. Some people
have no symptoms. A blood test can show if you have diabetes.
Exercise, weight control and sticking to your meal plan can help
control your diabetes. You should also monitor your glucose
level and take medicine if prescribed.
4
People with diabetes have high blood sugar. This is because
their pancreas does not make enough insulin or their muscle,
fat, and liver cells do not respond to insulin normally, or
both.
5
Almost everyone knows someone who has diabetes. An estimated
20.8 million people in the United States—7.0 percent of the
population—have diabetes, a serious, lifelong condition. Of
those, 14.6 million have been diagnosed, and 6.2 million have
not yet been diagnosed. In 2005, about 1.5 million people aged
20 or older were diagnosed with diabetes. For additional
statistics, see the National Diabetes Statistics fact sheet
online at www.diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/statistics or call
the National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse at
1–800–860–8747 to request a copy.
6
Type 2 diabetes is far more common than type 1 and makes up
most of all cases of diabetes. It usually occurs in adulthood.
The pancreas does not make enough insulin to keep blood glucose
levels normal, often because the body does not respond well to
the insulin. Many people with type 2 diabetes do not know they
have it, although it is a serious condition. Type 2 diabetes is
becoming more common due to the growing number of older
Americans, increasing obesity, and failure to exercise.
7
Results from insulin resistance (a condition in which the
body fails to properly use insulin), combined with relative
insulin deficiency. Most Americans who are diagnosed with
diabetes have type 2 diabetes.
8
In people with diabetes, however, the pancreas either
produces little or no insulin, or the cells do not respond
appropriately to the insulin that is produced. Glucose builds up
in the blood, overflows into the urine, and passes out of the
body in the urine. Thus, the body loses its main source of fuel
even though the blood contains large amounts of glucose.
9
Diabetic Coma (Hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma). When a
person with type 2 diabetes becomes severely dehydrated and is
not able to drink enough fluids to make up for the fluid losses,
they may develop this life-threatening complication.
10
One persons' Story
I hadn't been feeling very well for about a
year. I kept feeling run-down where even walking to get the mail, or making
dinner, took more energy than I had. I would eat things with sugar in the hopes
the sugar would wake me up, but it kept doing the opposite. I couldn't figure
out what was wrong with me.
Eventually I went to the doctor and he
ordered a four hour blood test. That consisted of me getting stuck five times in
four hours. The tests came back that yes, I was glucose intolerant, or had
pre-diabetes. This means I have a significant risk each year of progressing to
full-blown diabetes. This also means I have an elevated risk for heart disease
and stroke. This means I am scared.
It is a bit of a shock learning you have a
disease. When they first told me, I really didn't know much about diabetes. Was
it like a cold and it would go away? Could they fix me? And last of all, why me?
Was it going to go away? The basic answer is
no, it won't go away but can be managed by diet and exercise. If those two don't
work, then they look into other options. My doctor said he is going to monitor
my progress every six months and see what steps need to be taken.
I also learned that no one will fix me; I am
the only one who can. I need to eat healthy foods, which is extremely hard as I
have never had good eating habits and honestly don't like the taste of most
healthy foods. I am not overweight, as that is something that seems to go
hand-in-hand, but in my case, not a factor. It was not unusual for me to have
fast food in the morning, again at lunch, and again for dinner. Then, after
dinner, top it off with a big bowl of ice cream topped with chocolate syrup and
whipped cream. It is a wonder I am not overweight.
Why me? I don't know. It could be genetic, or
it could be my terrible eating habits. Either way, I have it and must deal with
it. There are days when my sugar is out-of-whack and other days I feel great.
Today it feels off and my brain is a bit fuzzy, almost feels like I took a
sleeping pill.
This has become a huge part of my life.
Sometimes it bothers me that even when I am 90 years old, I will have this. It
is not a phase, but something I have to deal with every day. I can't just get in
the car and go somewhere, I have to make sure I have food with me. Some days I
feel crummy and I know it will be several hours before I am back to normal and
it is frustrating. Some days I feel great and other days I don't. Very
frustrating.
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Promotes healthy blood
sugar levels
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Influences the release
and activity of insulin
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Supports the growth and
development of body tissue
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Supports a strong
immune system
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Promotes wound healing
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Strengthens brittle
nails
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Prevents cellular
damage (from free radicals)
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Increases energy levels
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Promotes weight loss
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Reduces sugar cravings
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Supports healthy
cholesterol and triglyceride levels
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Supports healthy
glycogen synthesis and storage
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compounds provide nutrients that can support healthy blood sugar maintenance and
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amount of nutritive value absorbed and used by the body. |
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